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Gender and spina bifida--some misconceptions.

A P Lonton

    Zeitschrift Fur Kinderchirurgie : Organ Der Deutschen, Der Schweizerischen Und Der Osterreichischen Gesellschaft Fur Kinderchirurgie = Surgery in Infancy and Childhood
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
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    Sex differences in neural tube malformations are minimal. While myelomeningocele patients showed slight cognitive and physical variations, these were clinically insignificant, with other conditions showing no notable differences.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Neural tube malformations (NTMs) encompass a range of congenital conditions affecting the brain and spine.
    • Previous research and clinical observations have suggested potential sex-based differences in NTMs, though often based on anecdotal evidence or limited data.
    • Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate sex differences in a large cohort of patients with various neural tube malformations.
    • To determine if observed differences are clinically significant or merely reflect general population variations.
    • To provide evidence-based insights into the impact of sex on NTM outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of data from 1367 survivors with myelomeningoceles, meningoceles, lipomas of the cauda equina, and encephaloceles.

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  • Comparison of intellectual (IQ), cranial (head size), and neurological (brain thickness) parameters between sexes.
  • Assessment of physical handicap severity across different NTM types and sexes.

    • Main Results:

    • Myelomeningocele patients exhibited minor, clinically inconsequential reductions in IQ, head size, and brain thickness compared to females.
    • No significant sex differences were found in the degree of physical handicap across all studied NTM types.
    • Observed variations in myelomeningocele patients mirrored known sex differences in the non-handicapped population.

    Conclusions:

    • Sex differences in patients with neural tube malformations are of minimal clinical significance.
    • Management decisions for most NTM-related issues are unlikely to be influenced by patient sex.
    • Potential sex-based considerations may be limited to genito-urinary complications.