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Implementing microfluidic flow device model in utilizing dural substitutes as pulp capping materials for vital pulp

Min-Yong Lee¹, Hi-Won Yoon², Sun-Il Kim³

¹Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

|August 8, 2024

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This summary is machine-generated.

Dural substitutes show promise as alternatives in vital pulp therapy (VPT), resisting harmful chemical penetration and preserving stem cell characteristics, unlike mineral trioxide aggregates (MTAs). This research highlights their potential for conservative dental treatments.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Dental Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology

Background:

Vital pulp therapy (VPT) aims to preserve tooth vitality, but mineral trioxide aggregates (MTAs) can cause canal calcification, complicating retreatment.
Current VPT materials may lead to adverse effects like calcification, necessitating exploration of safer alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate dural substitutes as potential replacements for MTAs in VPT.
To assess the mechanical properties and biological responses of dural substitutes with dental stem cells and endothelial cells.
To investigate the efficacy of a microfluidic device for simulating pulp environments.

Main Methods:

Mechanical properties of dural substitutes (Biodesign; BD and Neuro-Patch; NP) were assessed.

Keywords:

dural substitute human dental pulp stem cells human umbilical vein endothelial cells microfluidic flow device vital pulp therapy

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Biological responses of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated.

A microfluidic flow device, validated by computational fluid dynamics, simulated intra-pulp blood flow.

Main Results:

Dural substitutes resisted penetration by 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HEMA) from restorative materials.
BD and NP maintained the original characteristics and gene expression of hDPSCs and HUVECs.
Unlike MTA, dural substitutes did not induce adverse gene expression changes in tested cells.

Conclusions:

Dural substitutes are promising alternatives for VPT due to HEMA resistance and stemness preservation.
The microfluidic device effectively models pulp conditions, serving as a potential in vivo testing platform.