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Engineered nascent living human tissues with unit programmability.

Pedro Lavrador1, Beatriz S Moura1, José Almeida-Pinto1

  • 1CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.

Nature Materials
|August 8, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered human cells into living materials called Cellgels. These programmable Cellgels can self-assemble into complex 3D structures, mimicking natural tissues and promoting wound healing.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Living materials offer unique functionalities and programmability for advanced applications.
  • Current methods for creating cellular constructs face limitations in scalability and biological integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel platform for fabricating human living materials with controllable properties.
  • To demonstrate the potential of these living materials in mimicking tissue interfaces and promoting regenerative processes.

Main Methods:

  • Metabolic engineering of human cells to express tethering glycoproteins.
  • Assembly of engineered cells into three-dimensional Cellgels with high cell densities.
  • Characterization of Cellgel mechanical properties, handleability, and biological functionalities.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created Cellgels, a new class of human living materials, with tunable properties and high cell densities (up to 10^8 cells/cm^3).
  • Demonstrated autonomous tissue integration, mechanical maturation, self-healing, and promotion of wound healing.
  • Enabled modular assembly of multiscale constructs resembling heterogeneous human tissue interfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Cellgels represent a versatile platform for fabricating programmable living materials from human cells.
  • The inherent biological capabilities of Cellgels enable applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
  • This technology holds potential for broad applicability across various human cell types for creating advanced biomaterials.