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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Sex differences in pediatric sepsis-a systematic review protocol.

Uchenna Kennedy1, Juliette Moulin2, Luregn J Schlapbach3,4

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This systematic review investigates sex differences in pediatric sepsis outcomes. Understanding these differences is crucial for improving survival rates in children affected by sepsis.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pediatric sepsis is a major global cause of child mortality, responsible for over 3 million deaths annually.
  • Sex and gender significantly influence disease outcomes, with adult studies suggesting potential protective effects of estrogens in septic shock.
  • Existing research highlights sex-specific immunological differences in pediatric populations, yet the impact on sepsis outcomes remains unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the association between sex and survival outcomes in pediatric sepsis.
  • To identify potential sex-specific differences in treatment responses and disease progression in children with sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search of MEDLINE and Embase databases will be conducted.
  • Inclusion criteria comprise English language randomized trials and cohort studies involving children aged 37 weeks gestational age to 18 years with sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock.
  • Primary outcome is hospital mortality; secondary outcomes include pediatric intensive care unit and hospital length of stay.

Main Results:

  • This section is to be populated upon study completion.

Conclusions:

  • Expected results will illuminate the relationship between sex and pediatric sepsis outcomes.
  • Findings may guide future research into pathophysiological and socioeconomic factors contributing to observed sex differences in clinical outcomes.