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Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
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Development and validation of the self-consciousness type scale.

Jiye Lee1, Hyemi Baek1, Eunjee Oh1

  • 1School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

This study introduces the Self-Consciousness Type Scale (SCTS), identifying four distinct self-consciousness styles. These styles significantly correlate with various mental health indicators, offering new insights for research and practice.

Keywords:
defensive self-consciousnessgrowth-oriented self-consciousnessprevention-focused self-consciousnesspromotion-focused self-consciousnessregulatory focusself-consciousnessself-consciousness type

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Mental Health Research
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Self-consciousness presents a duality, exhibiting both adaptive and maladaptive functions.
  • Existing research underscores the complex nature of self-consciousness.
  • The Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT) provides a framework for understanding motivational orientations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a measurement tool that categorizes different self-consciousness styles.
  • To investigate the relationship between these styles and mental health indicators.
  • To validate the Self-Consciousness Type Scale (SCTS) based on RFT.

Main Methods:

  • An online mental health survey was administered to university students.
  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to develop and validate the SCTS.
  • Reliability, validity, and cluster analyses were conducted to identify self-consciousness subtypes.

Main Results:

  • The 14-item SCTS demonstrated a robust two-factor structure, with high internal consistency and validity.
  • Cluster analysis revealed four distinct self-consciousness styles: Growth-oriented, Defensive, Ambivalent, and Low-focus.
  • Significant differences in mental health indicators were observed across these subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • The SCTS is a validated instrument for distinguishing four unique self-consciousness styles.
  • The findings align with a multidimensional model of self-consciousness.
  • The SCTS has potential applications in mental health research and clinical practice.