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Published on: April 6, 2015
Head lice presenting with isolated severe eosinophilia in a child
P Panagopoulou1, G Ioannidou1, S Beropouli2
14Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Insights
Pediculosis capitis, or head lice infestation, may be linked to eosinophilia in children. Treating head lice led to the resolution of eosinophilia in a pediatric case, suggesting a potential association.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Eosinophilia
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Eosinophilia is common in children, often prompting investigations into its cause.
- Pediculosis capitis (head lice) is a prevalent pediatric ectoparasitic disease.
- Head lice are not typically associated with laboratory parameter changes like eosinophilia.
Background:
Eosinophilia is frequent in pediatrics and concerns regarding its etiology are often raised. Pediculosis capitis is a common ectoparasitic disease in children but is not traditionally associated with changes in laboratory parameters.
Case Description:
We present the case of a healthy, 9-year-old girl who presented with abdominal pain and a history of loose stools (2-3) in the preceding week. Laboratory investigations showed leukocytosis with significant eosinophilia. A thorough investigation concerning the most common causes of eosinophilia was negative. Detailed physical examination and history revealed a persistent scalp infestation with head lice. Successful pediculosis management coincided with the gradual resolution of eosinophilia without recurrence until the most recent follow-up visit twelve months later.
Conclusions:
The presented case indicates a possible association between eosinophilia and pediculosis capitis, which was not previously displayed, but also highlights the importance of detailed history and clinical examination. Research focusing on the systematic effects of pediculosis capitis in children could clarify whether it can represent a frank cause of eosinophilia. HIPPOKRATIA 2023, 27 (2):112-114.
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