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Sex Differences in Pain Sensitivity in a Dutch Cohort: Cross-Sectional and Web-Based Multidimensional Study.

Rachel J H Smits¹, Selina E I van der Wal¹, Regina L M van Boekel¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Journal of Medical Internet Research

|August 9, 2024

Summary

Sex influences chronic pain sensitivity, with nonpharmacological interventions like watching films impacting outcomes, especially in women with chronic pain. Further research is needed for personalized pain management.

Keywords:

Dutch population chronic pain digital interventions film individualized care mobile health pain sensitivity pain sensitivity questionnaire personalized medicine sex

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Area of Science:

Pain research
Sex differences in pain
Nonpharmacological interventions

Background:

Sex is a significant factor in chronic pain development and treatment, yet its precise influence remains unclear.
Demographic and nonpharmacological factors may differentially affect pain sensitivity in males and females.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of sex and other factors on pain sensitivity in the Dutch population.
To assess how different film interventions influence pain sensitivity and modulate sex-related effects.

Main Methods:

A two-part study involving cross-sectional research and an internet intervention.
Participants completed questionnaires and were randomized to watch different short films or no film.
Pain sensitivity was measured using the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire post-intervention.

Main Results:

No overall sex differences in pain sensitivity were found in the cross-sectional analysis, but variations emerged with specific background factors.
Watching short films positively affected pain sensitivity, particularly in individuals with chronic pain.
A greater positive impact on pain sensitivity was observed in female respondents after film viewing.

Conclusions:

Pain research must consider sex-dependent factors influencing study outcomes.
Simple interventions, such as watching films, can significantly impact pain sensitivity, especially in chronic pain patients.
Findings suggest potential for simple interventions in personalized pain medicine.