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Bibliometric Analysis and a Call for Increased Rigor in Citing Scientific Literature: Folic Acid Fortification and

Brynne Boeck1, Cara J Westmark1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Nutrients
|August 10, 2024
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Summary

Folic acid fortification shows a weak link to reduced neural tube defects (NTDs). Higher socioeconomic status strongly correlates with fewer NTDs. Many studies inaccurately cite this research.

Keywords:
bibliometricsfolatefolic acidfood fortificationneural tube defectsrigor and reproducibility

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Public Health Policy
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Vitamin B9 (folate) is crucial for preventing neural tube defects (NTDs).
  • Folic acid fortification of grains is a public health strategy, but its effectiveness and risks require further study.
  • Previous research on the Food Fortification Initiative (FFI) dataset yielded controversial findings regarding NTD prevalence and fortification levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a bibliometric analysis assessing the accuracy of citations to a prior publication on folic acid fortification and NTDs.
  • To quantify the extent of misrepresentation of the original study's findings in subsequent literature.
  • To highlight the need for greater accuracy in scientific citation, especially in public health research.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliometric analysis of citations.
  • Quantitative assessment of citation accuracy.
  • Review of scientific literature referencing the "Folic Acid Fortification and Neural Tube Defect Risk: Analysis of the Food Fortification Initiative Dataset" paper.

Main Results:

  • A significant 70% inaccuracy rate was found in citations to the original study.
  • The original study found a weak correlation between folic acid fortification levels and NTD prevalence.
  • Higher socioeconomic status demonstrated a strong linear relationship with reduced NTDs.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for improved rigor and accuracy in citing scientific literature.
  • Misinterpretation of research on folic acid fortification can impact public health policy.
  • Accurate representation of scientific findings is essential for evidence-based decision-making.