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Sex Differences in Ventricular Arrhythmias and Adverse Outcomes Following Acute Myocardial Infarction
Favour E Markson1, Saint-Martin Allihien2, Akanimo Antia1
1Department of Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
JACC. Advances
|August 12, 2024
Summary
Men have higher odds of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but women experience worse in-hospital outcomes and less treatment. Further research is needed to address these sex disparities.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Clinical Research
- Public Health
Background:
- Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are a significant cause of mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
- While sex differences in AMI incidence, presentation, and outcomes are documented, specific disparities in VA development post-AMI remain less understood.
- Investigating these sex-based differences is crucial for understanding and mitigating risks associated with VAs following AMI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate sex-based differences in the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) among patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
- To assess in-hospital outcomes, including mortality and treatment disparities, for male and female patients with VAs post-AMI.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis utilized data from the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2020).
- The study included patients admitted for AMI with a secondary diagnosis of VAs.
- Multivariable logistic regression was employed to determine sex-specific differences in VA rates and in-hospital outcomes.
Main Results:
- Out of 1,543,140 patients with AMI, 174,565 (11.3%) developed VAs.
- Men exhibited higher odds of VAs post-AMI (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 1.72).
- Women faced increased odds of in-hospital mortality (AOR: 1.32), cardiogenic shock (AOR: 1.08), and cardiac arrest (AOR: 1.11), and were less likely to receive an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or undergo catheter ablation.
Conclusions:
- Significant sex disparities exist in VA incidence and outcomes following AMI, with men having higher incidence but women experiencing worse outcomes.
- Women with VAs post-AMI demonstrated higher mortality and complication rates, alongside reduced likelihood of receiving key interventions like ICDs.
- Further research is imperative to address and rectify these identified sex disparities in care and outcomes for patients with VAs post-AMI.
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