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Complete Blood Count Values Over Time in Young Children During the Dengue Virus Epidemic in the Dominican Republic

Melissa E Day1, Yonairy Collado Puello2, Miguel E Mejía Sang2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Biomed Research International
|August 12, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Laboratory findings in hospitalized Dominican Republic children with dengue fever (DF) reveal marked anemia in severe DF stages, contrasting typical hemoconcentration. These insights aid risk-stratified screening in resource-limited settings.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Dengue fever (DF) poses significant economic and societal burdens.
  • Understanding laboratory trends in pediatric DF patients is crucial for developing screening protocols in resource-limited settings.
  • This study focuses on laboratory findings in hospitalized Dominican Republic children with DF from 2018-2020.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe laboratory findings over time in Dominican Republic pediatric patients diagnosed with dengue fever.
  • To analyze laboratory differences associated with dengue fever severity in children.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for risk stratification in dengue fever management.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective collection of clinical information from recruited children with DF.
  • Assessment of complete blood count (CBC) laboratory measures from Day 1-10 of fever.
  • Analysis of associations between DF severity, demographics, clinical characteristics, and peripheral blood studies using linear mixed-models.

Main Results:

  • Of 574 eligible children (471 DF-positive), platelet count and hemoglobin were higher in early fever days (p <= 0.0017).
  • Severe DF (n=80) was associated with thrombocytopenia, intra-illness anemia, and leukocytosis, varying by fever day (p <= 0.001).
  • Marked anemia was observed in late stages of severe DF, differing from typical hemoconcentration patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalized pediatric dengue fever patients in the Dominican Republic exhibit distinct laboratory profiles.
  • Late-stage severe DF is characterized by marked anemia, not solely hemoconcentration.
  • These findings can inform the development of risk-stratified screening tools for dengue fever in resource-limited environments.

Keywords:
childrendengue feverlaboratory valuessevere dengue

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