Acute Bacterial Prostatitis Caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus: A Case Report

Acute bacterial prostatitis can burden patients with an abrupt onset of lower urinary tract symptoms. Proper treatment is necessary to prevent various complications that require hospitalization and surgical intervention. Thus, it is important to know what bacteria may cause this infection and what treatments may lead to a complete resolution. While acute bacterial prostatitis is usually caused by Escherichia coli, Enterobacteriae species, and various other species, Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a relatively unique cause that has seldomly been associated with any prostatic diseases. This case involves a 46-year-old Caucasian male with no previous history of prostate diseases who presented to the clinic with fevers, chills, diarrhea, and resolved urinary symptoms. Upon further clinical workup, the patient was found to have an elevated prostate-specific antigen level, along with a positive urinary culture for Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Following seven days of antibiotic treatment, prostate-specific antigen levels had significantly decreased, and the patient's symptoms had fully resolved. No further symptoms were noted after the completion of the full 28-day course of antibiotics. This paper explores how the patient's social, medical, and surgical history may have led to this type of infection. Focus will be placed on areas of research that need to be extended for future cases of acute bacterial prostatitis caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus. This case intends to inform future clinical practice by identifying predisposing factors to prevent occurrence and by discussing treatment strategies to achieve infection resolution.