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Manufacture Dependent Differential Biodegradation of 3D Printed Shape Memory Polymers.

Ryan Akman1, Harsha Ramaraju1, Samuel Moore1

  • 1Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA 30332.

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|August 12, 2024
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Summary

Degradation of 3D printed acrylated poly(glycerol-dodecanedioate) (APGD) was studied. Material extrusion showed faster degradation, but APGD implants exhibited no inflammation, indicating potential for clinical use in tissue engineering.

Keywords:
biofabricationbiomaterialsdegradationpolymerregenerative medicineshape memorytissue engineeringvat photopolymerization

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Area of Science:

  • Tissue engineering
  • Biomaterials science
  • Polymer chemistry

Background:

  • 3D printed shape memory polymers (SMPs) are gaining traction in tissue engineering.
  • Understanding degradation is crucial for clinical translation of SMPs.
  • Material property changes impact in vivo performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the degradation of 3D printed acrylated poly(glycerol-dodecanedioate) (APGD).
  • To compare degradation across three manufacturing methods: material extrusion, laser cutting, and vat photopolymerization.
  • To assess in vitro (hydrolytic, enzymatic) and in vivo degradation behavior.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation assays.
  • In vivo subcutaneous implantation in animal models.
  • Analysis of mass loss, volume loss, and melt transition temperature.
  • Histological examination of surrounding tissues.

Main Results:

  • Material extrusion samples exhibited significantly greater mass and volume loss after 2 months compared to laser-cut and vat photopolymerized samples.
  • In vitro degradation led to an increase in melt transition temperatures of APGD.
  • In vivo degradation did not result in significant changes to melt transition temperatures.
  • Histology revealed no significant inflammation around APGD implants.

Conclusions:

  • Manufacturing modality influences the degradation rate of 3D printed APGD.
  • APGD demonstrates biocompatibility with no significant inflammatory response in vivo.
  • 3D printed APGD shows promise for clinical applications in tissue engineering.