Transport and clogging dynamics of flexible rods in pore constrictions

The transport and clogging behavior of flexible particles in confined flows is a complex interplay between elastic and hydrodynamic forces and wall interactions. While the motion of non-spherical particles in unbounded flows is well understood, their behavior in confined spaces remains less explored. This study introduces a coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) approach to investigate the transport and clogging dynamics of flexible rod-shaped particles in confined pore constrictions. The spatio-temporal analysis reveals the influence of the rod's initial conditions and flexibility on its transport dynamics through a pore constriction. The simulation results demonstrate an increase in the lateral drift of the rod upon exiting the pore that can be scaled with channel height confinement. The clogging dynamics are explored based on hydrodynamic and mechanical forces, unveiling conditions for mechanical clogging through sieving. The developed method allows for the deconvolution of the forces that contribute to particle trajectories in confined flow, which is highly relevant in particle separation processes, fibrous-shaped virus filtration, biological flows, and related applications. The method is embedded into the open-source CFDEM framework, facilitating future extensions to explore multiple particle dynamics, intermolecular forces, external influences, and complex geometries.