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Structural labour market change, cognitive work, and entry to parenthood in Germany
Honorata Bogusz1, Anna Matysiak1, Michaela Kreyenfeld2
1University of Warsaw.
Population Studies
|August 13, 2024
Summary
Structural labor market changes driven by technology and globalization impact fertility. Workers in non-cognitive jobs show lower parenthood rates and higher childlessness compared to those in cognitive roles.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Economics
- Demography
Background:
- Technological change and globalization have significantly transformed labor markets.
- A growing division exists between workers performing cognitive versus non-cognitive tasks.
- Limited research has explored the fertility consequences of these structural labor market shifts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of cognitive and non-cognitive task content in occupations on fertility.
- To analyze how labor market transformations influence family formation patterns.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the German Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training's Employment Survey to measure occupational cognitive task content.
- Linked this data with individual histories from the German Socio-Economic Panel (1984-2018).
Main Results:
- Individuals in non-cognitive jobs demonstrate a reduced likelihood of entering parenthood.
- Lower first-birth intensities and increased probabilities of childlessness were observed for workers in non-cognitive roles compared to those in cognitive roles.
- These effects were consistent for both women and men.
Conclusions:
- Structural shifts in the labor market are widening disparities between low-skilled and highly skilled individuals.
- These disparities extend beyond the labor market into family formation and fertility outcomes.
- The study highlights a growing divergence in parenthood across different skill and task groups.
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