Providing a Safe Pregnancy Experience for Surgeons: A Review.

Area of Science:

• Medical Science
• Surgical Education
• Occupational Health

Background:

• Childbearing presents unique challenges for women in surgery, impacting recruitment and retention.
• Pregnant surgeons experience substantially higher rates of obstetric complications (25%-82%) compared to the general population (5%-15%).

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the specific risks pregnant surgeons face during their careers.
• To advocate for policies that protect pregnant surgeons and their fetuses.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of risks associated with pregnancy in surgical professions.
• Analysis of individual risk factors including missed prenatal care, physical strain, long hours, teratogenic exposures, and psychological stress.

Main Results:

• Pregnant surgeons are at increased risk for preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, infertility, and miscarriage.
• Identified risks include musculoskeletal hazards, exposure to teratogens (radiation, anesthetic gases), long work hours, and workplace discrimination.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive policy for perinatal care is essential for supporting pregnant surgeons.
• Protective measures are vital for attracting and retaining talent in surgery and safeguarding maternal-fetal health.