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Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins....

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Updated: Jun 17, 2025

High Throughput Single-cell and Multiple-cell Micro-encapsulation

High Throughput Single-cell and Multiple-cell Micro-encapsulation

Published on: June 15, 2012

Single-cell encapsulation systems for probiotic delivery: Armor probiotics.

Runan Zhao¹, Ting Yu¹, Jiaheng Li²

¹College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

|August 14, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Armor probiotics, a novel single-cell encapsulation technology, protect individual probiotics for enhanced health benefits. This approach overcomes limitations of traditional methods, improving survival and activity for targeted delivery and therapeutic effects.

Keywords:

Delivery systems Human health Probiotics encapsulation Single-cell coating

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2025

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Area of Science:

Food Science and Technology
Microbiology
Biotechnology

Background:

Probiotics are crucial for human health, regulating gut microbiota and showing potential in treating diseases.
Traditional probiotic encapsulation faces challenges in protecting individual cells and ensuring their activity post-release.
Single-cell encapsulation systems offer precise protection and functionalization of individual probiotic cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review challenges in probiotic survival and traditional encapsulation methods.
To introduce and discuss a novel single-cell encapsulation technology: "armor probiotics".
To highlight the functional characteristics and health benefits of armor probiotics.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on probiotic encapsulation challenges and technologies.
Introduction of the concept and design principles of single-cell "armor probiotics".
Discussion of the structural and functional characteristics of armor coatings.

Main Results:

Armor probiotics provide precise protection for individual probiotic cells, enhancing survival and activity.
This technology enables targeted delivery and functionalization for specific health applications.
Armor probiotics demonstrate potential in regulating intestinal health and targeted bioimaging/treatment.

Conclusions:

Single-cell encapsulation, such as armor probiotics, represents a significant advancement over traditional methods.
Armor probiotics offer enhanced efficacy for health regulation, bioimaging, and disease treatment.
Further research into armor probiotics holds promise for developing advanced probiotic-based therapies.