A practical framework for Long COVID treatment in primary care.

Area of Science:

• * Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) or Long COVID.
• * Multisystemic inflammatory and neurological disorders.
• * Primary care management strategies.

Background:

• * Long COVID is a complex, multisystem illness with over 200 symptoms, affecting approximately 10% of COVID-19 survivors.
• * Pathophysiology, diagnostics, and evidence-based treatments for Long COVID remain poorly understood.
• * Primary care providers (PCPs) are at the forefront of managing Long COVID's diverse manifestations.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To present a pragmatic, structured, four-step framework for Long COVID management in primary care.
• * To integrate current knowledge and best practices for individualized patient care.
• * To equip PCPs to address common and disabling Long COVID symptoms effectively.

Main Methods:

• * A stepwise framework addressing energy management, intentional rehabilitation, symptomatic treatment, and experimental therapies.
• * Focus on preventing post-exertional malaise (PEM) as a cardinal Long COVID feature.
• * Individualized approach utilizing multidisciplinary modalities and both pharmacological/non-pharmacological interventions.

Main Results:

• * The framework provides a structured approach for PCPs to manage Long COVID.
• * It emphasizes individualized care tailored to the broad symptomatology of Long COVID.
• * The framework guides PCPs in addressing energy deficits, physical/cognitive/emotional impairments, and debilitating symptoms.

Conclusions:

• * The proposed stepwise framework offers a practical approach for PCPs managing Long COVID.
• * It enables individualized care by addressing diverse symptoms and prioritizing energy management.
• * The framework supports PCPs in navigating the evolving landscape of Long COVID research and treatment.