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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Precision spectroscopy on 9Be overcomes limitations from nuclear structure.

Stefan Dickopf1, Bastian Sikora2, Annabelle Kaiser2

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Precise measurements of beryllium-9 (9Be) nuclear magnetic properties were achieved using high-precision spectroscopy. These findings provide crucial benchmarks for atomic physics and testing fundamental theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Electrodynamics

Background:

  • Precision atomic spectroscopy is vital for testing fundamental physics, but limited nuclear magnetic property data hinders progress.
  • Experimental data for nuclear magnetic properties, especially for heavier elements, is scarce compared to electric properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely measure nuclear magnetic properties of beryllium-9 (9Be) using high-precision spectroscopy.
  • To test theoretical calculations of atomic properties and quantum electrodynamics (QED) by comparing different charge states of 9Be.
  • To establish a benchmark for transferring nuclear magnetic property data across various electronic configurations.

Main Methods:

  • High-precision spectroscopy of the 1s hyperfine and Zeeman structure in hydrogen-like 9Be3+ ions confined in Penning traps.
  • Comparison of spectroscopic data between different charge states of 9Be (9Be3+ and 9Be+).

Main Results:

  • Determined the effective Zemach radius of 9Be with 500 ppm uncertainty.
  • Measured the bare nuclear magnetic moment of 9Be with an unprecedented 0.6 ppb uncertainty.
  • Enabled testing of multi-electron diamagnetic shielding effects and QED calculations at the parts-per-billion level.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides highly accurate nuclear magnetic properties for 9Be, crucial for fundamental physics tests.
  • The results validate theoretical models for atomic structure and QED in multi-electron systems.
  • This work sets a new standard for precision in nuclear magnetic moment measurements beyond hydrogen.