Thyroid Hormone Receptors Function in GABAergic Neurons During Development and in Adults
Frédéric Flamant1, Sabine Richard1
1Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, USC1370 Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement, 69364 Lyon, France.
Thyroid hormone receptors significantly impact brain development and function. Research shows these receptors are crucial for the maturation of GABAergic neurons, the brain's primary inhibitory cells.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) influence brain development and adult physiology.
- TRs act both autonomously within cells and indirectly through cellular interactions.
- Distinguishing these actions is key to understanding TRs' role in the brain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of thyroid hormone's action on GABAergic neurons.
- To highlight the cell-autonomous functions of TRs in neuronal maturation.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing mouse genetics to differentiate cell-autonomous and indirect effects of TRs.
- Reviewing existing literature on thyroid hormone signaling in the central nervous system.
Main Results:
- Mouse genetics studies revealed a key cell-autonomous function of TRs is promoting GABAergic neuron maturation.
- Thyroid hormone action is critical for the development and function of inhibitory neural circuits.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid hormone receptors play a vital role in the maturation of GABAergic neurons.
- Understanding TRs' cell-autonomous functions provides insight into brain development and inhibitory neuron regulation.
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