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Related Concept Videos

Tight Junctions01:29

Tight Junctions

5.2K
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
5.2K
Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions01:14

Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions

25.4K
The complex three-dimensional arrangement of cells in any multicellular organism is defined and maintained by interactions of cells with each other and the extracellular matrix. Cell-cell junctions are specialized structures where the multi-protein complexes on one cell interact with the multi-protein complexes on another  cell. These cell junctions are classified  into three main types based on their function — occluding, anchoring, and gap junctions.
Occluding or Tight...
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Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

3.7K
Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
3.7K
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

4.7K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
4.7K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions01:26

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

2.6K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
2.6K
Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

553
The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Tight Junction Barrier and Ion Permeability in Native Tissue by Ussing Chamber Technique
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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Tight Junction Barrier and Ion Permeability in Native Tissue by Ussing Chamber Technique

Published on: May 26, 2021

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Deciphering internal and external factors influencing intestinal junctional complexes.

Zachary Markovich1,2,3, Adriana Abreu1, Yi Sheng1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Gut Microbes
|August 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The intestinal barrier, regulated by junctional complexes, maintains gut health. Disruptions cause "leaky gut" and gastrointestinal disorders, necessitating research into therapeutic interventions.

Keywords:
C. elegansDrosophilaGastrointestinal diseasesGut barrierextrinsic modulatorsintrinsic modulatorsjunctional complexmicrobesmouse model

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Sensing of Barrier Tissue Disruption with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor
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Sensing of Barrier Tissue Disruption with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor

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Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids
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Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Tight Junction Barrier and Ion Permeability in Native Tissue by Ussing Chamber Technique
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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Tight Junction Barrier and Ion Permeability in Native Tissue by Ussing Chamber Technique

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Sensing of Barrier Tissue Disruption with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor
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Sensing of Barrier Tissue Disruption with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor

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Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids
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Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • The intestinal barrier is crucial for health, regulating transport via junctional complexes.
  • Disruptions in these complexes lead to inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome, causing 'leaky gut'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the composition of intestinal junctional complexes.
  • To explore methods for assessing intestinal permeability.
  • To examine signaling pathways and factors influencing barrier function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of junctional complex components.
  • Analysis of methods assessing intestinal permeability.
  • Exploration of intracellular signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Junctional complexes meticulously regulate paracellular permeability.
  • Intrinsic and extrinsic factors modulate junctional complex expression and function.
  • Interplay between junctional complexes, microbes, and chemicals impacts barrier integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding intestinal barrier dynamics is key to gastrointestinal disorder pathophysiology.
  • Targeting barrier dysfunction offers potential for precise therapeutic interventions.