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Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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Evaluating cognitive performance: Traditional methods vs. ChatGPT.

Xiao Fei1, Ying Tang1, Jianan Zhang1

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China.

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|August 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural language processing (NLP) models like ChatGPT show promise in medical evaluations. Refinements in scoring and interaction protocols improved ChatGPT

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceChatGPTabstractioncalculationcognitivelanguagememory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive science and artificial intelligence
  • Medical informatics and digital health

Background:

  • Natural Language Processing (NLP) models, such as ChatGPT, are emerging as potential tools for text-based content delivery in medicine.
  • Concerns exist regarding the reliability and comprehensiveness of ChatGPT in supporting cognitive performance evaluations, necessitating further research into its accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the accuracy and comprehensiveness of NLP models (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) in evaluating cognitive performance compared to healthcare professionals.
  • To explore the potential of refining scoring protocols and interaction methods to enhance ChatGPT's utility in cognitive assessments.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 90 participants (60 cognitively normal, 30 stroke survivors) underwent cognitive evaluations (memory, numerical processing, verbal fluency, abstract thinking).
  • Evaluations were conducted by healthcare professionals and NLP models (GPT-3.5, GPT-4) using established standards.
  • Scores were compared, and optimization strategies for scoring and interaction were applied.

Main Results:

  • GPT-3.5 showed significant disparities in memory and speech evaluations compared to physician assessments in healthy individuals (P < 0.001).
  • GPT-3.5 also exhibited differences in verbal assessment among stroke survivors compared to physician evaluations (P = 0.002).
  • Optimized scoring and interaction protocols partially mitigated these disparities.

Conclusions:

  • NLP models, particularly GPT-4, can produce cognitive evaluation outcomes comparable to traditional methods, with GPT-4 showing closer alignment to physician ratings.
  • Refinement of scoring algorithms and interaction protocols can improve the alignment of ChatGPT's results with physician evaluations.
  • ChatGPT demonstrates versatility and potential as a supplementary tool for information gathering in medical fields, especially for cognitive assessments, even in populations with conditions like stroke.