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Rearing hogs on pasture minimally impacts pork composition.

Chelsea Becker1, Jonathan Campbell1, Kathy Soder2

  • 1Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

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|August 19, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pasture-raised pigs show no significant difference in pork quality compared to indoor-housed pigs. This pilot study indicates outdoor rearing does not negatively impact meat characteristics, though further research on back fat is suggested.

Keywords:
carcassgrowthpasturepigspork

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Food Science
  • Sustainable Agriculture

Background:

  • Consumer and producer interest in pasture-raised swine is growing, driven by perceived benefits in animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and lower initial costs.
  • However, there is a lack of scientific evidence to guide pasture management for optimal pork production and environmental practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess the effects of pasture (outdoor) versus indoor housing on pig growth efficiency and pork quality.
  • To provide evidence-based insights into the impact of different rearing environments on swine production.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving 20 pigs, divided equally into indoor and outdoor housing groups.
  • Pigs were monitored for growth every 14 days until reaching an average slaughter weight of 113 kg.
  • Carcass quality was assessed through measurements of pH, loin eye area (LEA), back fat (BF) thickness, and subjective/objective color and marbling evaluations.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found in final body weight or key pork quality parameters, including pH, LEA, subjective color, and marbling scores, between indoor and outdoor groups.
  • Pigs housed indoors exhibited a statistically significant increase in back fat (BF) thickness compared to those raised outdoors.
  • The study found no significant impact of outdoor rearing conditions on overall pork quality in this pilot investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Pasture rearing for swine, in this pilot study, did not adversely affect critical pork quality attributes.
  • Indoor housing was associated with increased back fat thickness, warranting further investigation.
  • Additional research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term effects of rearing systems on swine growth efficiency, pH, and back fat deposition.