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Related Concept Videos

Cyclic Processes And Isolated Systems01:19

Cyclic Processes And Isolated Systems

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A thermodynamic system with zero heat exchange and work is an isolated system. For these systems, the internal energy remains constant.
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
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The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
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Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle

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When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
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Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

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In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
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ACE: A general-purpose non-Markovian open quantum systems simulation toolkit based on process tensors.

Moritz Cygorek1,2, Erik M Gauger2

  • 1Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.

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This toolkit offers exact simulations for open quantum systems interacting with complex environments. It utilizes process tensor matrix product operators (PT-MPOs) for efficient and scalable quantum dynamics calculations.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Physics
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Simulating open quantum systems is crucial for understanding complex phenomena.
  • Existing methods often struggle with strong system-environment coupling and non-Markovian dynamics.
  • Development of efficient computational tools is essential for advancing quantum science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a general-purpose computational toolkit for numerically exact simulations of open quantum systems.
  • To provide efficient solutions for quantum systems coupled to general non-Markovian environments.
  • To enable large-scale simulations of realistic quantum models.

Main Methods:

  • The toolkit is based on process tensor matrix product operators (PT-MPOs).
  • It implements algorithms like Automated Compression of Environments and schemes for generalized spin boson models.
  • A divide-and-conquer scheme for periodic PT-MPOs allows for millions of time steps.

Main Results:

  • The toolkit provides numerically exact solutions for composite quantum systems.
  • It efficiently handles strong coupling to multiple, general non-Markovian environments.
  • PT-MPOs can be precalculated, reused, and combined for complex network simulations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed toolkit offers a powerful and versatile solution for simulating open quantum systems.
  • It enables highly accurate and efficient studies of quantum dynamics in complex environments.
  • The software facilitates the investigation of realistic quantum models and networks.