Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

Reporter Genes

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.

DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Immune Mechanisms and Translational Study Design in Viral Vaccine Development.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Intranasal influenza vaccination using an outer membrane vesicle platform.

Vaccine·2026

Same author

Modification of pre-operative order set to reduce PACU stay times for outpatient benign gynecological surgery.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Sequestration of growth cone surface proteins by cytoplasmic Lrrtm2 induces <i>de novo</i> amygdala innervation by cerebral cortex associative neurons.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Directed differentiation of functional corticospinal-like neurons from endogenous SOX6+/NG2+ cortical progenitors.

eLife·2026

Same author

Evaluation of an Empowerment Self-Defense Program Among Middle School Youth on a Rural Reservation.

Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Mosaic Zebrafish Transgenesis for Functional Genomic Analysis of Candidate Cooperative Genes in Tumor Pathogenesis

Mosaic Zebrafish Transgenesis for Functional Genomic Analysis of Candidate Cooperative Genes in Tumor Pathogenesis

Published on: March 31, 2015

BEAM: A combinatorial recombinase toolbox for binary gene expression and mosaic genetic analysis.

Luciano C Greig¹, Mollie B Woodworth¹, Alexandros Poulopoulos¹

¹Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

|August 19, 2024

Summary

We developed a novel Binary Expression Aleatory Mosaic (BEAM) system for precise cell comparison. This method uses genetic manipulation and distinct fluorescent markers to reliably identify cellular phenotypes and test developmental hypotheses.

Keywords:

CP: Cell biology Cre Flp genetic analysis mosaicism recombinase

More Related Videos

Inducing Cre-lox Recombination in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through In Utero Electroporation

Inducing Cre-lox Recombination in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through In Utero Electroporation

Published on: November 17, 2017

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

Published on: October 6, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Mosaic Zebrafish Transgenesis for Functional Genomic Analysis of Candidate Cooperative Genes in Tumor Pathogenesis

Mosaic Zebrafish Transgenesis for Functional Genomic Analysis of Candidate Cooperative Genes in Tumor Pathogenesis

Published on: March 31, 2015

Inducing Cre-lox Recombination in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through In Utero Electroporation

Inducing Cre-lox Recombination in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through In Utero Electroporation

Published on: November 17, 2017

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

Published on: October 6, 2016

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology
Genetics

Background:

Comparative cell analysis is crucial for understanding biological processes.
Existing methods for distinguishing cell populations can lack reliability and precision.
The need for improved tools to study cell function and developmental mechanisms is ongoing.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce the Binary Expression Aleatory Mosaic (BEAM) system for generating and comparing two distinct cell populations.
To enhance the reliability and precision of comparative cell analysis through signal amplification and delayed reporter expression.
To validate the utility of BEAM in studying cellular phenotypes and testing developmental hypotheses, such as the cortical protomap hypothesis.

Main Methods:

Utilizing DNA delivery via transfection or viral transduction.
Employing nested recombinase activity to create genetically distinct cell populations.
Implementing red fluorescent protein (RFP) for control cells and green fluorescent protein (GFP) for experimental cells.
Incorporating recombinase-dependent signal amplification and delayed reporter expression.

Main Results:

BEAM successfully generated two genetically distinct, non-overlapping cell populations for direct comparison.
The system demonstrated sharper delineation of control and experimental cells, improving reliability.
BEAM effectively identified temporally or spatially aberrant phenotypes, changes in cell proliferation/death, and controlled for procedural variability.
Application to the cortical protomap hypothesis revealed cell-autonomous specification of area identity.

Conclusions:

The BEAM system offers a powerful and reliable method for comparative cell analysis.
BEAM facilitates the identification of subtle or complex cellular phenotypes.
The system provides a robust platform for investigating fundamental biological questions, including developmental patterning.