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Coulomb universality.

Leo Radzihovsky1, John Toner2

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, <a href="https://ror.org/02ttsq026">University of Colorado, Boulder</a>, Colorado 80309, USA.

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|August 20, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-range interactions in neutral plasmas are screened to Coulombic form. Below two dimensions, this leads to confinement, while above two dimensions, it results in a deconfined plasma at any nonzero temperature.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Realizations of long-range interacting systems, including ultracold atomic and molecular gases.
  • Study of neutral plasmas with interactions longer ranged than Coulombic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the screening of long-range power-law interactions in neutral plasmas.
  • Determine the thermodynamic phases and transitions in such systems across different spatial dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of plasma behavior with power-law interactions.
  • Calculation of screening mechanisms and phase transitions.

Main Results:

  • Universal screening of power-law interactions to Coulombic form beyond a crossover length.
  • Coulombic confinement in 2D and below at low temperatures; Kosterlitz-Thouless deconfining transition at elevated temperatures.
  • No confined phase above 2D at any nonzero temperature.
  • Unconventional Debye-Huckel screening leading to faster-than-Coulombic power-law decay.
  • Rapidly falling power-law potentials screen to shorter-ranged power laws, not Yukawa forms.

Conclusions:

  • The study predicts novel screening phenomena and phase behavior in long-range interacting plasmas.
  • Findings suggest testable predictions for simulations and experimental platforms.
  • Highlights the counterintuitive confinement in low-dimensional systems and deconfining transitions in higher dimensions.