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Multiband accelerated 2D EPI for multi-echo brain QSM at 3 T.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Multi-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI) quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is more accurate and robust than single-echo EPI-QSM, especially at high acceleration factors. This method enables accelerated QSM acquisition while maintaining image quality and accuracy.

Keywords:
echo planar imagingfunctional QSMmulti echo EPImultibandquantitative susceptibility mappingsimultaneous multislice

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) typically uses multi-echo 3D gradient echo (GRE) sequences.
  • Echo-planar imaging (EPI) can accelerate QSM acquisition but has been limited to single-echo sequences, which are less accurate than multi-echo GRE.
  • High acceleration factors are desirable for faster imaging and functional applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy and quality of single-echo and multi-echo EPI-QSM reconstructions.
  • To evaluate the impact of parallel imaging and multiband acceleration factors on EPI-QSM.
  • To introduce a novel masking technique for improved brain masking in QSM.

Main Methods:

  • 2D single-shot EPI was used to acquire brain data.
  • QSM reconstructions were performed using both single-echo and multi-echo acquisitions.
  • Combined parallel imaging and multiband acceleration factors from 2 to 16 were investigated.
  • A novel masking method based on local field gradient magnitude thresholding was introduced.

Main Results:

  • High-quality QSM was achieved with multi-echo 2D EPI at an acceleration factor of 16 and TR of 3.2 s.
  • Single-echo reconstructions were inaccurate and artifacted at high acceleration factors.
  • Multi-echo acquisitions significantly improved QSM quality, regional susceptibility value consistency, and reduced temporal noise compared to single-echo.
  • The novel masking method improved brain masking in challenging regions.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-echo EPI-QSM is more robust and accurate than single-echo EPI-QSM across various acceleration factors.
  • Multi-echo EPI enables highly accelerated QSM acquisition with preserved accuracy and quality.
  • This technique offers a viable alternative to gold-standard 3D-GRE QSM for accelerated neuroimaging applications.