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Chronobiological studies on the nucleolus.

R Seïte1, M J Pébusque

  • 1Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.

Chronobiology International
|January 1, 1985
PubMed
Summary

Sympathetic neurons exhibit circadian rhythms in nucleolar organization, with changes in fibrillar centers and Ag-NOR proteins linked to transcriptional activity. These rhythms are endogenously generated, highlighting the nucleolus

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The nucleolus plays a critical role in ribosome biogenesis and is involved in cellular responses to various stimuli.
  • Circadian rhythms regulate numerous physiological processes, but their impact on nucleolar structure and function is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the circadian rhythmicity of the nucleolus and its components in different cell types of rats under varying lighting conditions.
  • To explore the relationship between nucleolar organization, transcriptional activity, and ribosome biogenesis in the context of circadian rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Stereological analysis at the electron microscopic level was employed to quantify nucleolar components.
  • Cytochemical studies were performed to assess the amount of Ag-NOR proteins.
  • Experiments involved rats subjected to different lighting regimens (12L/12D).

Main Results:

  • Sympathetic neurons in the superior cervical ganglion displayed significant circadian changes in nucleolar volume and its components (fibrillar centers, dense fibrillar, granular, and vacuolar components).
  • A unique pattern of fibrillar centers (one large-type and multiple small-type) was observed in sympathetic neurons, with circadian variations in their number and size.
  • Ag-NOR proteins showed a marked increase, suggesting circadian rhythmicity in these proteins, and nucleolar rhythms persisted in continuous light, indicating endogenous generation.

Conclusions:

  • The nucleolus and its components exhibit circadian rhythmicity, which is correlated with rhythmic transcriptional activity and preribosome processing.
  • Rhythmicity is a fundamental characteristic of the nuclear structure involved in ribosome biogenesis across different cell types studied.
  • The superior cervical ganglion's nucleolar rhythms are particularly pronounced and may play a role in regulating circadian activities of the pineal gland.

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