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Presentation and Outcomes of Lassa Fever in Children in Nigeria: A Prospective Cohort Study (LASCOPE)

Alexandre Duvignaud1,2,3,4, Ijeoma C Etafo5, Marie Jaspard1,3,4,6

  • 1Global Health in the Global South Research Team-University of Bordeaux, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMR 1219, French Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) EMR 271, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Bordeaux, France.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|August 21, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Lassa fever in children presents with fever and digestive issues, with younger children facing higher fatality risks. Prompt management is crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric Lassa fever cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on Lassa fever (LF) presentation, management, and outcomes in children.
  • Understanding pediatric LF is critical for targeted interventions and improved patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical features, management, and outcomes of Lassa fever in children.
  • To identify prognostic factors associated with mortality in pediatric LF patients.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study (LASCOPE) in Nigeria (April 2018-February 2023).
  • Included children under 15 with RT-PCR confirmed Lassa fever.
  • Data collected on clinical presentation, treatment (intravenous ribavirin), and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 124 children hospitalized with LF; all received ribavirin.
  • Common symptoms included fever (80%) and digestive issues (57%).
  • Hypotension (50%) and acute kidney injury (16.1%) were frequent organ dysfunctions; 7 children died (overall CFR 5.6%), with higher mortality in infants under 12 months (22%).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric Lassa fever exhibits distinct clinical patterns, with younger children experiencing higher mortality.
  • Hypotension and acute kidney injury are significant complications.
  • The case fatality rate in children over 12 months was lower than reported for adults.
Abstract

Keywords:
Lassa feverNigeriaacute kidney injuryanemiachildrenprognosis

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