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Host immunomodulation strategies to combat pandemic-associated antimicrobial-resistant secondary bacterial infections

Srimathi Raghavan1, Kwang-Sun Kim1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
|August 21, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Secondary bacterial infections pose a growing threat, exacerbated by viral pandemics. Host immunomodulation offers a promising strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and improve treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Secondary bacterial infections are increasingly prevalent, worsening outcomes of viral pandemics.
  • Antibiotic overuse has led to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), limiting treatment options.
  • Current antibiotic alternatives have limitations, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges posed by secondary bacterial infections.
  • To evaluate current therapeutic strategies and their limitations.
  • To highlight host immunomodulation as a potential solution to overcome AMR.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of secondary bacterial infections.
  • Analysis of host immune responses to bacterial infections.
  • Evaluation of existing and novel therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Secondary bacterial infections significantly increase morbidity and mortality.
  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major challenge due to antibiotic misuse.
  • Host immunomodulation presents a viable alternative to antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • Host immunomodulation is a promising strategy to combat secondary bacterial infections and AMR.
  • Further research into immune-based therapies is crucial.
  • Developing new treatments is essential to address the limitations of current therapies.
Keywords:
AntibioticsAntimicrobial resistanceExtracellular vesicleImmunomodulationNanoantibioticsSecondary bacterial infectionViral infection

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