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Acute pericardial postischemic inflammatory responses: Characterization using a preclinical porcine model
Ali Fatehi Hassanabad1, Jeannine Turnbull2, Cheryl Hall1
1Department of Cardiac Sciences, Section of Cardiac Surgery, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Summary
Acute pericardial injury triggers a significant inflammatory response, increasing neutrophils and key cytokines like IL-1β. Repeated procedures also elevate inflammatory mediators and immune cells in the pericardial space.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Inflammation Research
- Immunology
Background:
- Pericardial fluid (PF) contains crucial inflammatory mediators.
- The inflammatory response to acute pericardial injury is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the acute inflammatory profile in pericardial fluid following ischemia/reperfusion (IR).
Main Methods:
- A percutaneous ischemia/reperfusion injury model was established in pigs.
- Pericardial fluid was collected at various time points post-injury.
- Flow cytometry and multiplex analysis were used to assess immune cells and inflammatory mediators.
Main Results:
- Neutrophils became the predominant immune cell type in PF after injury, shifting from native macrophages.
- Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) and repeated pericardial access increased IL-1β, IL-1ra, and TGFβ1.
- Repeated manipulation of the pericardial space induced a significant pro-inflammatory response.
Conclusions:
- Both IR and surgical manipulation induce robust inflammatory processes in the pericardial space.
- These processes involve increased inflammatory cytokines and altered immune cell populations.
