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Intraspecific priority effects in response to egg hatching delay in a pond-breeding salamander
Thomas L Anderson1, Trevor J Rallo2
1Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Box 1651, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA. thander@siue.edu.
Scientific Reports
|August 21, 2024
Summary
Climate change alters amphibian reproduction. Early hatching cohorts of small-mouthed salamanders (Ambystoma texanum) gained advantages, impacting survival and size, with effects varying by hatching timing and season.
Area of Science:
- Ecology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Climate Change Biology
Background:
- Climate change is shifting species' reproductive phenologies.
- This can lead to intraspecific priority effects, where early cohorts have advantages.
- Altered demography can result from these phenological shifts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how variation in egg hatching phenology affects intraspecific interactions in small-mouthed salamanders (Ambystoma texanum).
- To determine how demographic responses are altered by the temporal duration of hatching between cohorts.
- To assess how the seasonality of hatching delays impacts demographic responses.
Main Methods:
- Small-mouthed salamander eggs were used in outdoor mesocosms.
- Hatching phenologies were manipulated to simulate different cohort timings.
- Larvae were reared to metamorphosis to assess demographic outcomes.
Main Results:
- Hatching delay showed non-linear relationships with survival and body size.
- Greatest asynchrony in cohort additions led to higher mortality and larger body sizes.
- Hatching delay effects were more pronounced later in the season, potentially due to temperature.
Conclusions:
- Intraspecific interactions influenced by phenological shifts are context-dependent.
- The strength (temporal duration) and seasonality of hatching delays influence demographic outcomes.
- Understanding these context-dependencies is crucial for predicting demographic changes under climate shifts.
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