Qualitative assessment of the removable denture microbiome

Area of Science:

• Oral Microbiology
• Geriatric Dentistry
• Prosthodontics

Background:

• Denture plaque assessment offers insights into geriatric oral health and hygiene.
• Research on denture plaque in Romania is limited, highlighting a knowledge gap.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify microbial species on removable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) prostheses.
• To evaluate plaque distribution on different denture surfaces and types.
• To assess the impact of cleaning methods on the prosthetic microbiome.

Main Methods:

• Denture plaque visualized using a UV activated fluorescent revealer and digital photography.
• Swab samples collected and cultured on blood agar, bromothymol blue lactose agar, and Sabouraud dextrose agar.
• Microbial identification of plaque from four denture wearers.

Main Results:

• Plaque distribution was variable, concentrated in retentive areas like interdental spaces.
• Key deposition sites included the maxillary labial flange and mandibular lingual flange.
• The microbiome comprised pathogenic Gram-positive aerobes (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus), Gram-positive anaerobes (Actinomyces, Klebsiella), and Candida species.

Conclusions:

• Denture plaque, though diverse, contains colonies with high pathogenic potential.
• Specific denture areas are prone to plaque accumulation.
• Dentists must emphasize regular denture biocontrol, especially for frail geriatric patients.