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Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
Published on: February 10, 2015
Multiple scapula defects or foramina or both?
G Tsakotos1, G P Georgiev2, G Triantafyllou1
1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias str., Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Abstract:
The current bone report describes multiple openings identified in a dried scapula of a subject of unknown age and gender. Multiple openings (twelve) were identified in the subscapular fossa and were apparent at the infraspinatus fossa. These openings coexisted with a suprascapular foramen and an osteophyte at the inferomedial border of the foramen. In the current literature, two uncommon variants of the scapula were described: foramina and defects. It is still unclear how these two structures are differentiating. Both of them are results of abnormal ossification of the scapula. Clinicians should be aware of these variants because they may lead to misdiagnosis of malignancies, while the variants are benign entities.
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