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Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
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Friction is an essential force that influences the motion of objects in daily life. Depending on the situation, it can be either beneficial or problematic. Consider a bus with a mass of three megagrams and its center of mass at a specific point, moving along a banked road at a constant speed. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.5. Find the maximum angle of the banked road at which the bus would not slip or tip.
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Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
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Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
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Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors
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Bus drivers' anger and anger expression in driver-passenger conflicts.

Yi Tang1, Qun Chen1, Shi Ye1

  • 1School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, China.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics : JOSE
|August 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Passenger misbehavior can provoke bus driver anger, potentially causing accidents. New scales (BDAS, BDAX) measure driver anger and expression, revealing passenger violations as a key trigger for aggressive or adaptive responses.

Keywords:
angeranger expressionbusdriver–passenger conflictstructural equation model

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Transportation Safety
  • Human Behavior

Background:

  • Bus driver anger from passenger misbehavior poses a significant safety risk, yet lacks adequate measurement tools.
  • Existing research has not fully captured the nuances of driver anger during passenger conflicts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate tools for measuring bus driver anger and expression (BDAS, BDAX).
  • To model bus driver anger in response to passenger behavior.
  • To identify key triggers and expression patterns of bus driver anger.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Bus Driver Anger Scale (BDAS) and Bus Driver Anger Expression Inventory (BDAX).
  • Data collection through 400 questionnaires administered to bus drivers in Changsha, China.
  • Analysis to establish a bus driver anger model.

Main Results:

  • Passenger violations and quarrels are primary anger triggers for bus drivers.
  • Drivers express anger through personal aggression or adaptive/constructive means when irritated by irregularities.
  • Passenger disputes can lead to unreasonable emotional venting by drivers.
  • Rude passenger behavior is linked to aggressive personal expressions from drivers.

Conclusions:

  • The BDAS and BDAX are valuable tools for assessing bus driver anger and expression.
  • Passenger behavior significantly influences driver anger and its expression.
  • Establishing passenger regulations and promoting healthy anger expression are crucial for mitigating risks in driver-passenger conflicts.