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Isolation, Characterization and Functional Examination of the Gingival Immune Cell Network

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Idiopathic Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report.

Marde Shraddha Kashinath¹, Rohit Kumar Kendole²

¹Periodontics, ESIC Dental College, Kalaburagi, IND.

|August 23, 2024

Summary

Gingival enlargement (GE) is a significant increase in gum size. This case report details successful surgical treatment of massive, idiopathic GE in a young female, restoring function and aesthetics.

Keywords:

gingival hyperplasia gingivectomy gingivoplasty hereditary gingival fibromatosis idiopathic enlargement

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Periodontology
Oral Surgery

Background:

Gingival enlargement (GE) encompasses various conditions causing increased gingival size, with idiopathic GE having an unknown etiology.
Causes include plaque, medications, systemic conditions, hereditary factors, and neoplasms, significantly impacting oral hygiene, function, and aesthetics.
Idiopathic GE, also termed gingivomatosis or hereditary gingival fibromatosis, presents a diagnostic challenge due to its massive presentation and unknown cause.

Observation:

A rare case of massive, long-standing grade III idiopathic GE affecting both arches in a 17-year-old systemically healthy female is presented.
The enlargement extended to the occlusal level, posing a diagnostic dilemma and significantly affecting the patient's oral health and well-being.
The condition compromised oral hygiene, speech, mastication, and aesthetics, exacerbating the existing enlargement through secondary inflammation.

Findings:

Surgical intervention involving gingivectomy and electrocautery gingivoplasty was performed to address the massive GE.
The conventional gingivectomy technique was chosen for its precision, cost-effectiveness, and promotion of faster re-epithelialization.
Postoperative results at three months demonstrated satisfactory functional and esthetic outcomes with uneventful healing.

Implications:

This case highlights the successful management of extensive idiopathic GE through surgical intervention, offering a viable treatment option for similar rare presentations.
The study underscores the importance of addressing GE to restore oral function, improve aesthetics, and enhance the patient's overall quality of life.
Further long-term follow-up is recommended to monitor the stability of the results and ensure sustained patient well-being.