Mevalonic Aciduria in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review of Neuroimaging Findings

Mevalonic aciduria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from mevalonate kinase deficiency. Neuroimaging findings associated with the disease have been documented in only a few case reports. We present a case of mevalonic aciduria with both already reported and novel neuroimaging findings and conduct a literature review regarding the role of neuroimaging in the understanding and diagnosis of mevalonate kinase deficiency disorders. The brain magnetic resonance imaging of the reported case revealed several notable findings, including polymicrogyric cortical thickening, an interhypothalamic adhesion or small hypothalamic hamartoma (findings not classically associated with mevalonic aciduria), and mild cerebellar atrophy. This case underscores the significance of recognizing the diverse spectrum of neuroimaging findings associated with the disease, encompassing both well-documented features and those that have not been traditionally reported.