[Recommendations about immunizations in patients with inborn errors of immunity]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Pediatrics
• Vaccinology

Background:

• Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are hereditary disorders impacting immune system function.
• IEI patients face increased risks of infections, autoimmunity, allergies, autoinflammation, and malignancy.
• Standard vaccines may have variable efficacy in IEI patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide recommendations for immunizing patients with IEI.
• To guide vaccination strategies for household contacts of IEI patients.
• To outline immunization protocols for immunosuppressed individuals and transplant recipients.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature and guidelines on IEI and vaccination.
• Expert consensus from the Pediatric Immunology Work Group of the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.
• Summarization of safety and efficacy considerations for different vaccine types.

Main Results:

• Inactivated vaccines are generally safe but may lack immunogenicity in some IEI patients.
• Live viral and bacterial vaccines can cause severe disease in IEI patients, requiring caution.
• Immunological work-up is crucial before administering live vaccines.

Conclusions:

• Specific immunization guidelines are essential for IEI patients.
• Vaccination strategies must consider the individual's immune status and potential risks.
• Recommendations cover IEI patients, their contacts, and those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.