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Human eosinophil peroxidase: purification and characterization.

M G Carlson, C G Peterson, P Venge

    Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) was purified from patient granulocytes. A specific radioimmunoassay confirmed EPO

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Immunology
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Human eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) is a key enzyme found in eosinophil granules.
    • Hypereosinophilia is a condition characterized by elevated eosinophil counts.
    • Understanding EPO's properties is crucial for diagnosing and managing eosinophil-related disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and purify human eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) from granulocytes.
    • To characterize the biochemical and physical properties of purified EPO.
    • To develop a specific radioimmunoassay for quantifying EPO and confirming its eosinophil origin.

    Main Methods:

    • Granulocyte isolation and granule extraction using 0.2 M NaAc, pH 4.0.
    • Purification via gel filtration chromatography (Sephadex G-75) and ion-exchange chromatography (CM-Sephadex G-50).

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  • Protein characterization using SDS-PAGE, gel filtration, amino acid analysis, and spectrophotometry.
  • Development of a specific radioimmunoassay using monospecific antibodies.

    • Main Results:

    • Purified EPO exhibited high peroxidase activity and a 415 nm/280 nm ratio of 1.15.
    • SDS-PAGE revealed reduced EPO subunits with molecular weights of 52,000 and 15,000 Da.
    • Gel filtration indicated an unreduced EPO molecular weight of approximately 77,000 Da.
    • Amino acid analysis showed high arginine and aspartic acid content.
    • The radioimmunoassay demonstrated a linear correlation between EPO levels and eosinophil counts, confirming EPO's eosinophil origin.
    • EPO content was quantified as 15.0 µg/10^6 eosinophils.

    Conclusions:

    • Human eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) was successfully isolated, purified, and characterized.
    • A specific radioimmunoassay was developed, validating EPO as a reliable marker for eosinophils.
    • The findings provide a basis for further research into EPO's role in health and disease.