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Endogenous ZAP affects Zika virus RNA interactome.

Ahmad Jawad Sabir1, Nguyen Phuong Khanh Le2, Prince Pal Singh2,3

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.

RNA Biology
|August 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study used Comprehensive Identification of RNA-binding Proteins by Mass Spectrometry (ChIRP-MS) to analyze Zika virus RNA interactions. Researchers identified ZAP-dependent proteins, revealing potential co-factors for antiviral activity.

Keywords:
FlavivirusJapanese encephalitis virusRNARNA helicaseWest Nile virusZAPZika virusinteractomezinc finger antiviral protein

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Zika virus (ZIKV) poses a significant global health threat.
  • Understanding viral RNA-host protein interactions is crucial for antiviral development.
  • Zinc finger CCCH-type antiviral protein 1 (ZAP) is an innate immune factor involved in antiviral defense.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the cellular protein interactome associated with flavivirus RNA using ChIRP-MS.
  • To investigate the role of ZAP in mediating interactions between viral RNA and cellular proteins during ZIKV infection.
  • To identify ZAP-dependent co-factors involved in antiviral responses against ZIKV.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive Identification of RNA-binding Proteins by Mass Spectrometry (ChIRP-MS) was employed.
  • Experiments were conducted in mock-infected and ZIKV-infected wild-type cells, as well as ZAP-knockout cells.
  • Analysis focused on differentiating ZAP-independent and ZAP-dependent cellular protein interactomes associated with viral RNA.

Main Results:

  • ChIRP-MS successfully identified cellular proteins interacting with ZIKV RNA.
  • ZAP was found to influence the association of specific cellular proteins with ZIKV RNA.
  • A ZAP-dependent interactome was characterized, highlighting proteins potentially acting as ZAP co-factors.

Conclusions:

  • ZAP plays a role in modulating the cellular protein landscape associated with ZIKV RNA.
  • The identified ZAP-dependent interactome offers insights into ZAP's antiviral mechanisms against ZIKV.
  • Further research into ZAP co-factors and their mechanisms is essential for developing novel antiviral strategies.