Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in the...
Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits01:12

Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits

In the domain of radio communication, the significance of impedance matching must be considered. It is crucial to ensure the efficient transmission of signals between radio transmitters and receivers. Achieving this balance involves using impedance-matching circuits, with one fundamental configuration comprising a resistor, capacitor, and inductor.
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
Generation of Three-Phase Voltage01:21

Generation of Three-Phase Voltage

A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
As the rotor...
Three-Phase Voltages01:30

Three-Phase Voltages

A three-phase generator produces three voltages that are equal in magnitude but have a phase difference of 120 degrees. This identical magnitude and equal phase separated voltages are known as the balanced voltages and help to minimize power loss while ensuring a steady delivery of energy to connected loads. As voltage sources in a three-phase system can be configured in a wye or a delta formation, the loads connected to these systems can also be arranged in either configuration. This...
Carrier Generation and Recombination01:22

Carrier Generation and Recombination

Carrier generation is the process by which electron-hole pairs (EHPs) are created within the semiconductor. In direct-bandgap semiconductors, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), this occurs efficiently when energy absorption prompts valence electrons to leap into the conduction band, leaving behind holes.
This process is given by the generation rate G and is efficient due to the conservation of momentum between the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.
Indirect generation involves an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

30 dB on-chip ultra-high inverse weak value amplification.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Experimental demonstration of high space compression by optical spaceplates.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Parametric Amplification of Optical Pulses through Synthetic Motion in a Time-Varying Medium.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Octave-spanning operation of a photonic integrated coil resonator as a reference cavity.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Engineering walk-off-induced orbital angular momentum spectrum in spontaneous parametric downconversion.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Bilateral Adrenal Calcifications as an Imaging Clue to Wolman Disease in Early Infancy: A Case Report.

Cureus·2026
Same journal

Recent Progress in on-Demand Transfer-Enabled Integration of Wavelength-Scale Light Sources.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Tunable skyrmion bag textures in surface phonon polariton lattices.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

All-Optical Diffractive Operators for Rapid, Computer-Free Morphological Transformations.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Tunable Skyrmion, Meron, and Skyrmion Bag Textures in Surface Phonon Polariton Lattices.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Deep-Subwavelength Slot-Enhanced Broadband Dynamic Camouflage Metasurface Across the S, C, X, and Ku Bands.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Machine Learning-Driven Cooling Window Design Beyond Hyperbolic Metamaterials.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

18.9K

Phase-matched third-harmonic generation in silicon nitride waveguides.

Surendar Vijayakumar1, Kaustubh Vyas2, Daniel H G Espinosa2

  • 1Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, 480 Intercampus Dr, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|August 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Silicon nitride waveguides enable efficient third-harmonic generation (THG), producing visible light for advanced applications. This study details phase-matching and efficiency in these CMOS-compatible devices.

Keywords:
frequency conversionharmonic generationnonlinear opticssilicon nitridewaveguide

More Related Videos

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

8.4K
Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
05:57

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

18.9K
Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

8.4K
Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
05:57

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Waveguide Technology
  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides offer a promising platform for nonlinear optical processes due to their large nonlinear susceptibility and CMOS compatibility.
  • Third-harmonic generation (THG) is a key nonlinear process for generating visible light from infrared sources, with applications in spectroscopy, metrology, and optical communications.
  • Efficient THG in SiN waveguides is crucial for developing compact and integrated photonic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and characterize third-harmonic generation in silicon nitride waveguides.
  • To achieve phase-matching between a fundamental transverse mode and a higher-order TM mode for efficient frequency conversion.
  • To investigate the influence of waveguide geometry on phase-matched wavelengths and conversion efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of silicon nitride waveguides with controlled dimensions.
  • Experimental setup for third-harmonic generation using a fundamental wavelength of 1,596 nm.
  • Characterization of the generated third harmonic at 532 nm using far-field imaging and spectral analysis.
  • Systematic measurement of phase-matched wavelengths as a function of waveguide width.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of third-harmonic generation in silicon nitride waveguides.
  • Phase-matching achieved between the fundamental transverse mode and the TM02 mode at 532 nm.
  • Experimentally determined waveguide width-dependent phase-matched wavelengths.
  • Measured peak-power-normalized conversion efficiency of 5.78 × 10-7 %/W2 over a 660-μm interaction length.

Conclusions:

  • Silicon nitride waveguides are effective for efficient third-harmonic generation, providing a viable route to visible light sources.
  • The demonstrated phase-matching scheme and efficiency highlight the potential of SiN photonics for integrated nonlinear optical applications.
  • Further optimization of waveguide design and fabrication can lead to enhanced performance for ultrafast pulse characterization, telecom monitoring, and comb generation.