A case of abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting with multiple organs embolization

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Aortic Aneurysm Disease
• Embolic Complications

Background:

• Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) rarely present with distal embolization as the initial symptom.
• Multiple organ embolization from an AAA is exceptionally rare and indicates a serious systemic condition.
• Outcomes for patients with multiple organ embolization from AAA prior to surgical intervention remain undocumented.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) presenting with multiple organ embolization.
• To highlight the successful surgical management and positive outcome in such a complex case.

Main Methods:

• A 78-year-old male patient presented with acute lower limb ischemia and ischemic enteritis.
• The patient had a large abdominal aortic aneurysm (83 mm) with a significant mural thrombus.
• Treatment involved endovascular revascularization for limb ischemia, followed by conservative management for ischemic colitis, and ultimately, open aortic repair for the AAA.

Main Results:

• Successful endovascular treatment for acute lower limb ischemia was achieved, but subsequent infection necessitated above-knee amputation.
• Ischemic colitis resolved with conservative medical management.
• The patient underwent and successfully recovered from open aortic repair for the abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Conclusions:

• Open aortic repair can be successfully performed in rare cases of abdominal aortic aneurysms presenting with multiple organ embolization.
• This case demonstrates a life-saving outcome in a patient with a complex presentation of AAA-related multi-organ ischemia.