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Study on diagnostic-sensitive markers of primary immune thrombocytopenia in children based on plasma proteomics
Wei Xu1, Yun Wang1, Qingqing Cao1
1Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China.
Insights
Researchers identified potential biomarkers for pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) using proteomics. Elevated matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and reduced thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) show promise for diagnosing ITP in children.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Proteomics
Background:
- Pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet counts.
- Accurate and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers are needed for early detection and management of ITP in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify sensitive protein biomarkers for the diagnosis of pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) using proteomic techniques.
- To validate the diagnostic potential of identified biomarkers in a clinical cohort.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic analysis using a four-dimensional data-independent acquisition (4D-DIA) approach on samples from children with ITP and controls.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for validation of differentially expressed proteins.
- Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to assess diagnostic accuracy.
Main Results:
- Fifty-five differentially expressed proteins were identified in children with ITP compared to controls.
- Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) levels were significantly elevated, while thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) levels were reduced in ITP patients.
- ROC analysis demonstrated the diagnostic value of MMP-9 and THBS1 for ITP.
Conclusions:
- Proteomics is a valuable tool for discovering sensitive biomarkers for pediatric ITP.
- MMP-9 and THBS1 are promising candidate biomarkers for ITP diagnosis, warranting further investigation.
- These findings may contribute to improved diagnostic strategies for pediatric ITP.
Abstract:
To use proteomic techniques to identify sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for paediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). We selected children in ITP and control groups, using a four-dimensional data-independent acquisition approach (4D-DIA) to analyse its protein expression. The significantly differentially expressed proteins were selected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) validation in a cohort comprising 50 samples (13 healthy controls, 15 secondary thrombocytopenia controls and 22 children with ITP). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were generated to diagnose ITP and to assess the diagnostic effectiveness of this approach. Compared with the control group, 55 differentially expressed proteins (43 increased and 12 decreased) were determined in the ITP group. Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) were significantly expressed and selected for ELISA. The verification outcomes aligned with the findings from the proteomic examinations. In contrast to the control cohort, the ITP subjects exhibited markedly elevated plasma MMP-9 levels and reduced plasma THBS1 concentrations. Additionally, the ROC curves indicated the diagnostic value of these biomarkers. In conclusion, proteomics facilitates identifying the sensitive biomarkers for ITP diagnosis. We have preliminarily selected two differentially expressed proteins, MMP-9 and THBS1, whose potential role as biomarkers for diagnosing ITP requires further research.
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