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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

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Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene01:22

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Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.
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Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions01:27

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Phase I biotransformation reductive reactions are chemical processes that modify drugs by introducing or revealing polar functional groups via reduction. Enzymes called reductases catalyze these reactions, playing a pivotal role in drug metabolism by transforming lipophilic drugs into more polar, water-soluble metabolites for easy excretion. An essential type of reductive reaction is the carbonyl group reduction, where aldehydes and ketones are reduced to alcohols. An example is the...
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Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

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Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
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Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Synthesis of Terpolymers at Mild Temperatures Using Dynamic Sulfur Bonds in PolyS-Divinylbenzene
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Sulfur recombination: A direct approach.

R Koots1, G Brown1, J Pérez-Ríos1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11790, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|August 27, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models sulfur recombination reactions (S + S + M → S2 + M) using classical trajectories. Results show excellent agreement with experimental data and highlight the influence of the SAr reaction channel.

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Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS
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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Sulfur recombination is crucial for understanding atmospheric sulfur chemistry.
  • Previous models lacked detailed three-body recombination data.
  • Experimental data exists but requires theoretical validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a direct three-body recombination approach for sulfur reactions.
  • To calculate the rate of S + S + M → S2 + M.
  • To investigate the influence of different third bodies (M) on the reaction rate.

Main Methods:

  • Classical trajectory approach in hyperspherical coordinates.
  • Modeling sulfur recombination with Argon (Ar) as the third body.
  • Comparison with experimental measurements at 298 K.

Main Results:

  • Calculations show excellent agreement with experimental data for M = Ar.
  • Sulfur dioxide (S2) production is significantly influenced by the SAr reaction channel.
  • Using hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the third body showed no significant change in the recombination rate.

Conclusions:

  • The classical trajectory approach accurately models sulfur recombination.
  • The SAr channel plays a key role in S2 formation.
  • The choice of third body (Ar vs. H2S) has a limited impact on the recombination rate within the studied temperature range.