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Sex determination: a hypothesis based on noncoding DNA.

H S Chandra

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Genetic regulatory mechanisms for sex determination in mammals, fruit flies, worms, and snakes may be similar. A key noncoding DNA sequence acts as a binding site for repressors, controlling sex-determining genes.

    Area of Science:

    • Genetics
    • Developmental Biology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Sex determination mechanisms vary across eukaryotes.
    • Recent models suggest conserved genetic regulatory principles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine recent sex determination models in mammals, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and snakes.
    • To test the hypothesis of similar and interrelated genetic regulatory mechanisms across these species.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of existing sex determination models.
    • Hypothesis-driven examination of genetic regulatory elements.

    Main Results:

    • A conserved mechanism involving noncoding DNA sequences as repressor binding sites is proposed.

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  • These noncoding sequences regulate major sex-determining genes.
  • Inequalities in the presence, copy number, or accessibility of these sequences differentiate sexes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Certain sex-determining DNA sequences are noncoding regulatory elements, not structural genes.
    • These noncoding sequences play a crucial role in sex determination across diverse eukaryotes.
    • Differential regulation of these sequences dictates embryonic sex development.