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Analysis of Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance in Bone and Joint Infections Among Young Children

Xingguang Chen, Ting Zhuang, Chengda Zou

    Clinical Laboratory
    |August 28, 2024
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pediatric bone and joint infections (BJIs) show common Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA. Antimicrobial resistance patterns in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria necessitate careful antibiotic selection for young children.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric infectious diseases
    • Microbiology
    • Antimicrobial resistance

    Background:

    • Bone and joint infections (BJIs) are significant pediatric concerns.
    • Understanding pathogen distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment in young children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the spectrum of pathogens causing BJIs in children under four years old.
    • To determine antimicrobial resistance patterns for common bacterial and fungal pathogens in pediatric BJIs.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from pediatric patients with BJIs.
    • Bacterial and fungal cultures were performed, and antimicrobial resistance profiles were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent pathogen (59.62%), with 22.58% of strains being Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
    • Gram-positive bacteria showed high resistance to penicillin (72.97%) and clindamycin (~50%), but remained sensitive to linezolid, vancomycin, and teicoplanin.
    • Gram-negative bacteria demonstrated 100% sensitivity to carbapenems but high resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam (91.67%).

    Conclusions:

    • Significant regional variations in pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance exist for pediatric BJIs.
    • Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA, is a primary pathogen; empirical antibiotic therapy must account for ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria.
    Abstract

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