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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Author Spotlight: Validating Cancer Therapy Responses with Desmoplastic Spheroid Models
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Focus on Pancreatic Cancer Microenvironment.

Fabiana Pratticò1, Ingrid Garajová1

  • 1Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Pancreatic cancer

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Tumor Microenvironment Research

Background:

  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer with a poor 5-year survival rate.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences PDAC progression and treatment resistance.
  • PDAC's TME is complex, involving cancer cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and acellular components like the extracellular matrix.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the intricate crosstalk within the pancreatic cancer microenvironment.
  • To explore how TME components influence tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.
  • To identify novel therapeutic strategies targeting the pancreatic cancer TME.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pancreatic cancer biology and TME.
Keywords:
cancer therapycancer-associated fibroblastscytokinesdesmoplasiaimmune cellsimmunotherapypancreatic ductal adenocarcinomatumor microenvironment

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  • Analysis of the interactions between cellular and acellular components of the PDAC TME.
  • Discussion of therapeutic implications derived from understanding TME dynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • Desmoplasia, a key feature of the PDAC TME, creates a dense, hypoxic environment that promotes tumorigenesis and immune suppression.
    • Complex crosstalk among cancer cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and extracellular matrix components drives tumor progression.
    • The TME contributes to innate resistance against current anticancer therapies.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the pancreatic cancer TME is crucial for developing effective treatments.
    • Targeting TME components offers promising therapeutic opportunities.
    • Integration of immunotherapy and cytokine-targeted treatments may overcome PDAC resistance.