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Topology Optimization Driven Bone-Remodeling Simulation for Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Zuowei Wang^1,2, Weisheng Zhang³, Yao Meng⁴

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Neurospine Center, China International Neuroscience Institute, Beijing 100530, China.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

|August 28, 2024

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This study introduces a new numerical method for simulating bone remodeling during lumbar interbody fusion (LIF). It uses stress criteria to improve bone healing and reduce implant-related issues, closely mimicking real-world fusion outcomes.

Area of Science:

Biomechanical Engineering
Computational Mechanics
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

Lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is a common spinal procedure.
Bone remodeling significantly impacts LIF success.
Traditional simulation methods face challenges in accurately predicting remodeling, especially concerning stress shielding.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an advanced numerical approach for simulating bone remodeling in LIF.
To address the stress shielding effect in LIF using novel computational strategies.
To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of LIF simulations.

Main Methods:

Utilized topology optimization with a pixel function for bone density and topology.
Employed von Mises stress, not strain energy density or compliance, to guide bone remodeling.

Keywords:

bone remodeling inverse problem lumbar interbody fusion (LIF)stress shielding topology optimization

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Introduced a novel pixel interpolation scheme and a boundary inverse approach.

Incorporated the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) for computational efficiency.

Main Results:

The proposed method successfully simulated bone remodeling in LIF.
The approach effectively addressed stress shielding caused by implanted cages.
Generated simulation results closely matched human lumbar interbody fusion outcomes.
Achieved high structural resolution and accuracy with reduced computational cost.

Conclusions:

The novel numerical approach provides a more accurate simulation of bone remodeling in LIF.
This method offers a promising tool for optimizing LIF procedures and implant designs.
The findings contribute to a better understanding of biomechanical factors influencing spinal fusion success.