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Sorcin in Cancer Development and Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance

Cécile Exertier1, Lorenzo Antonelli2, Annarita Fiorillo2

  • 1Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Ed. CU027, P.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Cancers
|August 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Soluble Resistance-related Calcium-binding proteIN (sorcin) is an oncoprotein that drives multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. Targeting sorcin may overcome MDR and improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Soluble Resistance-related Calcium-binding proteIN (sorcin) was initially identified due to its co-amplification with ABCB1 in multidrug-resistant cells.
  • Emerging evidence highlights sorcin's active role as an oncoprotein, significantly contributing to multidrug resistance (MDR).
  • Sorcin is a calcium-binding protein frequently overexpressed in human tumors and multidrug-resistant cancers, serving as a potential MDR biomarker.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure and function of sorcin.
  • To elucidate sorcin's multifaceted role in cancer development and multidrug resistance.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting sorcin for overcoming drug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating sorcin's expression, function, and therapeutic targeting.
  • Analysis of data correlating sorcin levels with patient response to chemotherapy and prognosis.
  • Examination of experimental evidence from cell lines and cancer models regarding sorcin's impact on drug resistance.

Main Results:

  • Sorcin levels are inversely correlated with patient response to chemotherapy and overall prognosis in tumors.
  • Multidrug-resistant cell lines exhibit significantly higher sorcin expression than their parental counterparts.
  • Sorcin overexpression enhances chemoresistance, while its silencing reverses drug resistance across various cancer types.

Conclusions:

  • Sorcin actively promotes multidrug resistance through diverse mechanisms including drug efflux, cell death inhibition, and promotion of cancer progression.
  • Sorcin's overexpression in tumors signifies its role as a potential therapeutic target to re-sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy.
  • Targeting sorcin presents a promising strategy to combat multidrug resistance and improve cancer treatment efficacy.
Keywords:
calcium homeostasisdrug resistancesorcintargeting sorcintumorigenesis

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