Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-Time Ferroelectric Domain Wall Dynamics During Electric Poling and Depoling.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Ultrasound-Informed State Estimation of Wrist Tremor Dynamics via Koopman Operator for Personalized Sensory Peripheral Nerve Stimulation.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same author

VisR Ultrasound for Monitoring Muscle Fatigue with FES-Induced and Volitional Isometric Contraction of the Rectus Femoris in Participants with Uninjured and Injured Spinal Cords.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same author

Coupled ferroelectricity and phonon chirality.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Exosomes from tumor-associated macrophages promote glycolysis and malignant NSCLC progression by delivery of hsa_circ_0000896.

Biology direct·2026
Same author

Evaluation of cavitation enhancements in low-boiling point (< -2°C) perfluorocarbon nanodroplet and microbubble mixtures using therapeutic ultrasound pulses.

Ultrasonics sonochemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimizing EAS with Long Electrodes for Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation
03:49

Author Spotlight: Optimizing EAS with Long Electrodes for Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation

Published on: October 11, 2024

755

Ultrasound-Compatible Electrode for Functional Electrical Stimulation.

Sunho Moon1, Xiangming Xue2,3, Vidisha Ganesh2,3

  • 1The Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.

Biomedicines
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New ultrasound-compatible electrodes enhance functional electrical stimulation (FES) for neurorehabilitation. These electrodes allow real-time muscle monitoring during FES, improving patient care and outcomes.

Keywords:
body-conforming ultrasound-compatible electrodefunctional electrical stimulation (FES)silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodeultrasound (US)wearable ultrasound

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Epimysial Electrode Fabrication and Testing in ACL Injury Studies
04:48

Author Spotlight: Epimysial Electrode Fabrication and Testing in ACL Injury Studies

Published on: April 12, 2024

410
Fabrication of High Contact-Density, Flat-Interface Nerve Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation Applications
09:35

Fabrication of High Contact-Density, Flat-Interface Nerve Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation Applications

Published on: October 4, 2016

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimizing EAS with Long Electrodes for Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation
03:49

Author Spotlight: Optimizing EAS with Long Electrodes for Enhanced Cochlear Coverage and Hearing Preservation

Published on: October 11, 2024

755
Author Spotlight: Epimysial Electrode Fabrication and Testing in ACL Injury Studies
04:48

Author Spotlight: Epimysial Electrode Fabrication and Testing in ACL Injury Studies

Published on: April 12, 2024

410
Fabrication of High Contact-Density, Flat-Interface Nerve Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation Applications
09:35

Fabrication of High Contact-Density, Flat-Interface Nerve Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation Applications

Published on: October 4, 2016

9.7K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Functional electrical stimulation (FES) aids neurorehabilitation but can cause muscle fatigue, requiring monitoring.
  • Ultrasound (US) imaging assesses FES-induced muscle changes, but conventional electrodes obstruct visualization.
  • Existing FES electrodes lack ultrasound transparency, limiting real-time monitoring beneath the electrode site.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate novel body-conforming ultrasound-compatible FES (US-FES) electrodes.
  • To compare the performance and US compatibility of the new US-FES electrodes against commercial hydrogel electrodes.
  • To assess the potential of US-FES electrodes for real-time muscle activity monitoring during FES.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of body-conforming US-FES electrodes using a silver nanowire/polydimethylsiloxane (AgNW/PDMS) composite.
  • Performance comparison (conductivity, FES efficacy) between US-FES and commercial hydrogel electrodes.
  • Ultrasound compatibility testing using phantoms and in vivo models during FES application.

Main Results:

  • The developed US-FES electrodes demonstrated comparable conductivity and FES performance to commercial electrodes.
  • US-FES electrodes showed significant ultrasound compatibility during FES, unlike commercial electrodes.
  • Phantom and in vivo tests confirmed the feasibility of real-time muscle monitoring with US-FES electrodes.

Conclusions:

  • Specially designed US-FES electrodes are effective and compatible with ultrasound imaging.
  • These electrodes overcome limitations of conventional FES electrodes for monitoring.
  • US-FES technology shows promise for enhanced neurorehabilitation and clinical applications.