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Needs-Assessment for an Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbot for Pharmacists in HIV Care: Results from a
Moustafa Laymouna1,2,3, Yuanchao Ma2,3,4,5, David Lessard2,3,4
1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3S 1Z1, Canada.
Background:
Pharmacists need up-to-date knowledge and decision-making support in HIV care. We aim to develop MARVIN-Pharma, an adapted artificial intelligence-based chatbot initially for people with HIV, to assist pharmacists in considering evidence-based needs.
Methods:
From December 2022 to December 2023, an online needs-assessment survey evaluated Québec pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, involvement, and barriers relative to HIV care, alongside perceptions relevant to the usability of MARVIN-Pharma. Recruitment involved convenience and snowball sampling, targeting National HIV and Hepatitis Mentoring Program affiliates.
Results:
Forty-one pharmacists (28 community, 13 hospital-based) across 15 Québec municipalities participated. Participants perceived their HIV knowledge as moderate (M = 3.74/6). They held largely favorable attitudes towards providing HIV care (M = 4.02/6). They reported a "little" involvement in the delivery of HIV care services (M = 2.08/5), most often ART adherence counseling, refilling, and monitoring. The most common barriers reported to HIV care delivery were a lack of time, staff resources, clinical tools, and HIV information/training, with pharmacists at least somewhat agreeing that they experienced each (M ≥ 4.00/6). On average, MARVIN-Pharma's acceptability and compatibility were in the 'undecided' range (M = 4.34, M = 4.13/7, respectively), while pharmacists agreed to their self-efficacy to use online health services (M = 5.6/7).
Conclusion:
MARVIN-Pharma might help address pharmacists' knowledge gaps and barriers to HIV treatment and care, but pharmacist engagement in the chatbot's development seems vital for its future uptake and usability.
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